Adding attributes to features with QGIS org OpenJump

I use Geoserver 2.4.4 with Shapefiles. Now, I want to add attributes to features from a layer that already has some attributes. (Shown in Geoserver->Layers->Feature Type Details).

I add the attributes in QGIS (or Openjump) to the layer and store it in the shapefile. However, if I open it with Geoserver and click 'Reload feature type'. the added attributes do not show up. Strangely, when I view the features with WFS request=GetFeature, the attributes are displayed.

When I access the application with OpenLayers, finally, the attributes are missing.

Is there a way to detect within QGIS or OpenJump what might be the difference between the old attributes that are displayed and the new ones that are missing in OpenLayers and FeatureTypeDetails?